K-Skincare Guide
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Glossary

Check product, skin, ingredient, and label expressions by category. This is not a full ingredient database for each product.

Only a one-line definition and key explanation are displayed.

Product TypesSkin ExpressionsColor/BaseKey IngredientsLabel Expressions

Product Types

  • Cleanser

    A cleansing product that washes away dirt, oil, sunscreen, and makeup from the skin.

    Other Expressions: Cleansing, Cleanser, Cleansing

    What it does: Prepares your face to be in a 'clean state' so that the next moisturizer and sunscreen can be absorbed well. When: Twice a day, morning and evening, is the basic routine. Forms include foam (gel), cream, oil, and balm, and if your skin doesn't feel tight 30 minutes after cleansing, the strength is likely appropriate. Beginner mistake: Using only strong cleansing products daily or scrubbing until your skin feels 'squeaky clean.'

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Wash your hands and wet your face with lukewarm water (32-36°C), then dispense foam or cleanser into your hands and gently massage your entire face for 30 seconds to 1 minute.
    2. Rinse off and gently pat dry with a towel, then move on to the next step (moisturizing) within 3 minutes.

    Try This

    • · In the evening, consider double cleansing if you have sunscreen or makeup on.
    • · If your skin doesn't feel tight 30 minutes after cleansing, the strength is likely appropriate.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not cleanse more than 3 times a day or use scrubs or peels daily.
    • · If you feel a 'squeaky clean' sensation after cleansing, the product may be too strong.
  • Toner

    The first moisturizing step applied immediately after cleansing (skin/toner). It hydrates the skin.

    Other Expressions: Skin, Skin Toner, Toner Skin

    What it does: Fills the moisture in the skin that has dried out from cleansing and helps the absorption of the next products. When: Apply within 3 minutes after cleansing, before moisturizing and serum. Dispense into your palms and pat on or soak a cotton pad and use. Beginner mistake: Using a high-alcohol 'oil-controlling' toner daily on dry or sensitive skin.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Start within 3 minutes after cleansing.
    2. Soak a cotton pad and gently wipe along the skin texture, or dispense into your palms and pat over your entire face.
    3. Let it absorb until the next step (serum/cream).

    Try This

    • · Before makeup, just lightly layer without overdoing it.
    • · For dry cheeks and lips, apply twice, and for the T-zone, just once lightly.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not use high-alcohol toners daily on dry or sensitive skin.
    • · Do not skip cream or sunscreen after applying toner.
  • Essence

    A medium concentration moisturizing product that fills moisture and nutrients between toner and cream. Often used similarly to serums.

    Other Expressions: Essence Skin, Mist Essence

    What it does: Helps with hydration and texture refinement after toner and before cream. Since essences and serums can overlap in function, you can choose to use just one. Beginner mistake: Thinking that toner + essence + serum + cream are all essential.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After cleansing and toning, dispense essence into your hands and pat it onto your face.
    2. After absorption, proceed with cream or sunscreen (in the morning).
    3. When using with serum, the typical order is essence → serum → cream.

    Try This

    • · Initially, reduce the overlap of toner + essence (or serum) + cream.
    • · Before makeup, apply just a light layer.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not layer essence, serum, and ampoule without purpose.
    • · If you only apply essence and do not seal with cream, your skin may become dry.
  • Serum

    A lighter, concentrated care product with a 'single purpose' compared to cream. Used for hydration, soothing, etc.

    Other Expressions: Ampoule, Essence

    What it does: Focuses on specific concerns (hydration, tone, etc.) after toner and before cream. When: It's recommended to start with just one in the evening. Beginners can start with just one hydrating serum and avoid layering multiple at once. Beginner mistake: Applying 3-4 serums simultaneously or continuing to use them even if they sting.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After toner, dispense a small amount (1-2 drops) into your hands and gently pat it over your entire face.
    2. Before makeup, apply just a thin layer of hydrating serum, then proceed to the next step after 10-30 seconds of absorption.

    Try This

    • · Initially, focus on just one hydrating serum.
    • · If it stings, stop immediately and maintain the basic routine (cleanser + moisturizer + sunscreen).

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not layer 3-4 serums at once.
    • · Do not forcefully add steps when they are unnecessary.
  • Moisturizer

    A moisturizing product (lotion, cream, balm) that balances moisture and oil to reduce tightness and dryness.

    Other Expressions: Cream, Lotion, Moisturizing Product, Moisturizing Cream

    What it does: Prevents the moisture filled by cleansing and toning from evaporating. When: Apply within 3 minutes after cleansing, before sunscreen (in the morning) and before bed (in the evening). The oiliness increases from lotion (light) → cream → balm (heavy). Beginner mistake: Not moisturizing at all because of oily skin, or continuing to use a very heavy cream even in summer.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Immediately after cleansing and toning, dispense a small amount onto your face while it's still moist.
    2. Apply first to dry cheeks and lips, and reduce the amount on the oily T-zone.
    3. Before makeup, apply just a thin layer of light lotion or cream, then wait 2-3 minutes.

    Try This

    • · Dry skin often prefers cream or balm, while oily skin may find gel or lotion types more comfortable.
    • · To prevent makeup from pilling, start with a small amount and a light formulation.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not layer too much moisturizer to avoid pilling.
    • · Do not skip moisturizing just because you have oily skin.
  • Sunscreen

    A product that protects the skin from sunlight (UV rays). It is the final step in skincare.

    Other Expressions: Sunblock, UV Protection, Sunscreen

    What it does: Reduces UV damage such as tanning, aging, and pigmentation. When: Apply daily after morning moisturizing, and it's good to make it a habit to apply indoors as well. Be sure to cleanse in the evening. Check the SPF and PA numbers along with the white cast, pilling, and stickiness (user experience). Beginner mistake: Skipping moisturizer and only applying sunscreen or skipping evening cleansing.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After morning moisturizing, wait 1-2 minutes, then dispense an amount the size of your hand (about 1-2g) and apply evenly to your face, neck, and ears.
    2. Apply daily before going out and indoors, ideally reapplying every 2-3 hours.
    3. In the evening, cleanse thoroughly with a cleanser.

    Try This

    • · Use a formulation with less pilling before applying base makeup, and allow time for absorption.
    • · Choose a sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and PA+++.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not skip moisturizer and only apply sunscreen.
    • · Do not skip cleansing sunscreen in the evening.
  • Double Cleansing

    A method of first dissolving with an oil/balm cleanser in the evening, then washing again with a foam cleanser.

    Other Expressions: Double Cleansing, Second Cleanse

    When: In the evening on days with heavy sunscreen or makeup. What it does: The first step dissolves waterproof and colored products, and the second step washes away residues. On days without makeup, a single foam cleanse is sufficient. Beginner mistake: Double cleansing every morning.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. In the evening, gently dissolve makeup and sunscreen with an oil/balm cleanser.
    2. Rinse with lukewarm water, then cleanse again with a foam cleanser.
    3. Move on to the moisturizing step within 3 minutes after cleansing.

    Try This

    • · On days without makeup or sunscreen, a single foam cleanse is sufficient.
    • · Do not scrub too hard around the eyes and mouth.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not double cleanse every morning.
    • · Do not skip moisturizing after double cleansing.
  • Exfoliation

    Care that organizes the outer skin's dead cells through physical (scrub) or chemical (AHA/BHA) methods.

    Other Expressions: Peeling, Scrub, Exfoliation Care

    When: Recommended 1-2 times a week in the evening. Stop if you experience tightness, stinging, or breakouts. Prioritize moisturizing and barrier care. Beginner mistake: Weakening the barrier by scrubbing or peeling daily.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. In the evening, after cleansing, apply a small amount of peeling or scrub to dry skin, focusing on the T-zone and areas with dead skin.
    2. Follow the product's recommended time (usually 30 seconds to 2 minutes), then rinse with lukewarm water.
    3. Immediately moisturize with cream or balm, and thoroughly apply sunscreen the next morning.

    Try This

    • · Initially, try once a week, and if there are no reactions, increase to twice a week.
    • · On peeling days, it's safer to avoid other actives (retinol, high-concentration vitamin C).

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not exfoliate when experiencing breakouts, stinging, or redness.
    • · Do not scrub too hard or use scrubs daily.
  • Skin Layering

    A method of moisturizing and caring for the skin by layering toner, serum, cream, and sunscreen in order after cleansing.

    Other Expressions: Layering, Skincare Order

    Basic order: thin texture → thick texture (toner → serum → cream → sunscreen). Allow 10-30 seconds for absorption between each step to reduce pilling. Beginner mistake: layering serum, cream, and sunscreen all at once or mixing up the order.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Apply toner (optional) within 3 minutes after cleansing.
    2. Apply serum (optional) → cream/lotion in order, gently tapping to absorb at each step.
    3. Finish with sunscreen in the morning and cream or balm in the evening.

    Try This

    • · Initially, toner + cream + sunscreen is sufficient.
    • · Apply a little more cream to dry areas like the cheeks and around the mouth.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not apply sunscreen before cream.
    • · Avoid using 5-6 products all at once from the start.

Skin Expressions

  • Dry Skin

    A skin type that feels tight, flaky, and rough due to a lack of oil and moisture.

    Other Expressions: Dehydrated Skin

    Assessment: If you feel tightness or roughness 1-2 hours after cleansing without applying anything, you may have dry skin. Care: Gentle cleanser + sufficient hydration (cream/balm) + daily sunscreen. Exfoliation and peeling should be limited to 1-2 times a week. Beginner mistake: cleansing too often or too harshly, leading to more dryness.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Moisturize with toner and serum (optional) → cream/balm within 3 minutes after cleansing.
    2. In the morning, finish with sunscreen after moisturizing, and apply a bit more cream in the evening.
    3. On days with severe tightness, you can layer mist or toner.

    Try This

    • · If you don't feel tight 30 minutes after cleansing, the cleanser and hydration levels are likely appropriate.
    • · Cheeks, around the mouth, and eyes tend to be drier, so increase hydration in those areas.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not skip hydration due to oiliness.
    • · Avoid using products with strong alcohol or exfoliating ingredients daily.
  • Oily Skin

    A skin type that tends to be shiny on the forehead and nose due to excess sebum production.

    Other Expressions: Greasy Skin, Oily Skin

    Assessment: The T-zone (forehead and nose) tends to shine a few hours after cleansing. Care: Maintain light gel or lotion hydration, and limit cleansing to twice a day. Beginner mistake: Stopping hydration due to oiliness or using alcohol toners to 'remove oil only.'

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Cleanse with a gentle cleanser in the morning and evening, then hydrate with a light toner or lotion.
    2. Apply sunscreen before going out, and lightly press powder only on the T-zone where shine is excessive.
    3. Exfoliation and peeling should be attempted 1-2 times a week, only in the evening.

    Try This

    • · Refer to oil-free and non-comedogenic labels, but confirm personal reactions with patch testing.
    • · Not skipping hydration often improves oil balance.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not cleanse more than three times a day or use scrubs daily.
    • · Avoid using toners with high alcohol content daily.
  • Combination Skin

    A skin type that is oily in the T-zone (forehead and nose) but tends to be dry on the cheeks and around the mouth.

    Other Expressions: Mixed Skin, Combination

    Assessment: The T-zone is oily while the cheeks and around the mouth are drier. Care: You can use lighter textures for the T-zone and provide a bit more hydration for the cheeks. Beginner mistake: Using only oily products for the entire face or only dry products, worsening one side.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After cleansing, lightly apply toner all over, then apply cream to the cheeks and around the mouth first.
    2. Use only a small amount of lotion or gel on the T-zone, and apply a bit more cream on the cheeks to balance.
    3. After applying sunscreen all over, you can finish with powder only on the T-zone to control shine.

    Try This

    • · Recording the condition of the T-zone and cheeks once a week can make product selection easier.
    • · For combination skin, you don't have to choose only oily or dry products for the entire face.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not remove oil only from the T-zone while neglecting hydration on the cheeks.
    • · Avoid applying heavy balms on the cheeks and the same thick amount on the T-zone.
  • Normal Skin

    A relatively balanced skin type with minimal tightness or shine.

    Other Expressions: Regular Skin, Normal Skin

    Assessment: There is minimal tightness or shine, and the skin is relatively balanced. Care: Often, a basic routine of cleanser + hydration + sunscreen is sufficient. Beginner mistake: Being careless with sunscreen and cleansing because there are no issues.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Morning: Follow the order of cleansing → toner (optional) → hydration → sunscreen.
    2. Evening: Cleanse → hydrate. Consider double cleansing on days with heavy makeup or sunscreen.
    3. In summer, use lotion; in winter or dry conditions, switch to cream.

    Try This

    • · Once your basic routine is stable, start adding serums or peels one at a time.
    • · Applying sunscreen indoors daily is beneficial in the long run.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not skip evening cleansing or sunscreen just because there are no issues.
    • · Avoid adding multiple active ingredients at once.
  • Sensitive Skin

    Skin that easily becomes red or irritated with new products or stimuli. Similar to 'reactive skin.'

    Other Expressions: Reactive Skin, Sensitive Skin

    Assessment: Skin that easily becomes red or irritated with new products or stimuli. Care: Reduce the number of products and maintain a routine of cleanser + hydration + sunscreen for 3-7 days before adding one product at a time. Beginner mistake: Using multiple products simultaneously, thinking 'it will be fine if I get used to it' when it stings.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Maintain only cleanser, hydration, and sunscreen for 3-7 days.
    2. After patch testing new products, add them one at a time with 3-7 days in between.
    3. If irritation occurs, stop using that product and maintain the basic routine for one week.

    Try This

    • · Using lukewarm water, short cleansing times, and patting with a towel can reduce irritation.
    • · Masks, friction, and hot showers can also cause redness, so check those as well.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not apply multiple products bought on sale without patch testing.
    • · Avoid using peels or scrubs daily even if it stings.
  • Skin Barrier

    A protective barrier that safeguards the skin's surface. When weakened, dryness and irritation can worsen.

    Other Expressions: Barrier, Skin Barrier

    When weakened: excessive cleansing, hot water, over-exfoliation, dry indoor environments. How to help: Gentle cleanser, sufficient hydration, ceramide and hyaluronic acid ingredients. Beginner mistake: Cleansing more harshly when experiencing breakouts or tightness.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Cleanse twice a day, using lukewarm water and cleansing lightly for 30 seconds to 1 minute.
    2. Within 3 minutes after cleansing, apply toner and cream (ceramide, hydration) to replenish moisture and barrier.
    3. If irritation occurs, stop peeling, scrubbing, and introducing new actives for one week.

    Try This

    • · Using cream (barrier) over hyaluronic acid (moisture) can be beneficial.
    • · If the indoor environment is dry, consider using a humidifier or mist.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not cleanse or peel more harshly when experiencing tightness or redness.
    • · Avoid hot water and rubbing with rough towels.
  • T-Zone

    A term referring to the forehead, nose, and chin in a T-shape. This area often has concerns with oiliness and pores.

    Other Expressions: T-Zone, T-Zone

    Oily and combination skin often experiences shine in the T-zone, while dry skin may only be dry on the cheeks. You can vary the amounts of moisturizer, base, and primer between the T-zone and cheeks. Beginner mistake: Removing oil only from the T-zone while neglecting hydration on the cheeks.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Cleanse and apply toner all over, then apply cream or lotion first to the cheeks and around the mouth.
    2. Use only light textures and small amounts on the T-zone, and apply oil and pore primers only to the T-zone and nose.
    3. Use powder and oil blotting papers lightly only on the T-zone.

    Try This

    • · Recording T-zone shine and cheek tightness once a week can make routine adjustments easier.
    • · Even with the same product, adjusting the amount by area can often achieve balance.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not use strong cleansers or alcohol toners only on the T-zone to remove oil.
    • · Avoid using thick powders or matte products on the cheeks.
  • Dark Circles

    A phenomenon where the area under the eyes appears dark or bluish-brown. Often concealed with concealer.

    Other Expressions: Dark Circle, Under Eye Dark

    Causes vary, including sleep, fatigue, and genetics. Apply a small amount of concealer that is slightly lighter than your foundation.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After base makeup, apply a small amount of concealer that is 0.5 to 1 tone lighter than your foundation under the eyes.
    2. Gently tap with your finger or a small brush to blend the edges.
    3. If the color is too dark, gradually build up the amount.

    Try This

    • · Taking care of your skincare and sleep habits will enhance makeup effectiveness.
    • · If you have wrinkles, avoid applying too thickly.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not apply foundation thickly like cake under the eyes.
    • · Do not skip moisturizer and sunscreen because of dark circles.
  • Trouble

    A term that encompasses skin troubles like acne, pimples, and bumps. Over-exfoliation and using multiple products simultaneously can worsen the condition.

    Other Expressions: Acne, Pimple, Breakout

    Causes: Over-exfoliation, stress, hormones, masks/friction, and using multiple actives at once. Care: Wash your face twice a day, maintain light moisturizing and sunscreen, and do not squeeze or scrub the troubled areas. Beginner mistake: Using peeling or scrubs daily during breakouts.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Wash your face only twice a day with a gentle cleanser, and maintain light moisturizing and sunscreen.
    2. Temporarily stop new actives and peels, and observe for 1-2 weeks.
    3. Check your environment, including contact with pillows, masks, and phones.

    Try This

    • · Change only one product at a time and observe reactions for two weeks.
    • · Do not stop moisturizing due to oiliness.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not squeeze or scrub troubled areas harshly.
    • · Do not change multiple products at once.
  • Pores

    A phenomenon where pores appear enlarged due to oil, dead skin, genetics, or aging. It's more about management and alleviation than complete removal.

    Other Expressions: Large Pores, Pore Concerns

    Care: Maintaining a gentle routine is more important than over-exfoliating or over-cleansing. BHA, clay (1-2 times a week), light moisturizing, and sunscreen can help. Beginner mistake: Focusing solely on pores while skipping moisturizing and sunscreen.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Maintain gentle cleansing in the morning and evening, along with light moisturizing and sunscreen.
    2. Try BHA or clay masks only 1-2 times a week in the evening.
    3. Lightly use pore primer and powder only on the T-zone.

    Try This

    • · Balance not just oil removal but also hydration.
    • · Reduce peeling frequency if you have trouble.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not wash your face 4-5 times a day due to pores.
    • · Do not use scrubs or peels daily.
  • Dullness

    A state where the skin appears lifeless, dull, and dark. Factors like dead skin, hydration, UV exposure, and sleep can affect this.

    Other Expressions: Dullness, Lifelessness

    Care: After stabilizing your basic routine (cleansing + moisturizing + sunscreen), consider low-frequency exfoliation and vitamin C (low concentration). Beginner mistake: Only focusing on exfoliation daily.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Establish a basic routine with daily sunscreen and sufficient hydration, then
    2. Try exfoliation and peeling only in the evening 1-2 times a week.
    3. Start using vitamin C in the morning at low concentration, patch testing before using 2-3 times a week.

    Try This

    • · Observe your routine in two-week intervals rather than seeking immediate results.
    • · Check hydration and exfoliation status before makeup.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not use peels or scrubs daily.
    • · Do not only focus on tone care without sunscreen.
  • Redness

    Skin may appear red, accompanied by heat or stinging. Various causes include irritation, dryness, sensitivity, and external stimuli.

    Other Expressions: Flushing, Redness

    Care: Reduce irritating ingredients, over-exfoliation, and hot water, maintaining only gentle moisturizing and sunscreen for 1-2 weeks. Beginner mistake: Using peeling or alcohol toners when redness occurs, causing more irritation.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Use lukewarm water for a short wash, and only pat dry with a towel.
    2. Stop using strong active, peeling, or scented products for 1-2 weeks.
    3. Maintain only gentle, fragrance-free, low-irritation sunscreen.

    Try This

    • · Try to reduce masks, friction, hot showers, and saunas.
    • · Patch test new products before adding them one at a time.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not use scrubs, peels, or retinol when redness occurs.
    • · Do not use alcohol or heavily scented toners daily.
  • Spots & Pigmentation

    A state where pigmentation appears, including melasma, spots, and acne scars. Sunscreen is the most basic requirement.

    Other Expressions: Pigmentation, Melasma, Acne Scars

    Care: Daily sunscreen + basic moisturizing. Tone care (vitamin C, niacinamide) should start at low concentration and low frequency. Beginner mistake: Using only whitening ingredients without sunscreen.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Establish a basic routine in the morning and evening + fix daytime sunscreen and reapplication first.
    2. Add vitamin C (morning) and niacinamide one at a time at 2-week intervals.
    3. Start using peels and retinol in the evening at 1-2 times a week.

    Try This

    • · Effects are generally seen over weeks to months, so be patient.
    • · If irritation occurs, stop actives and maintain only the basic routine.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not use tone products without sunscreen.
    • · Do not start multiple strong ingredients at the same time.

Color/Base

  • Undertone

    The color tone (warm, cool, neutral) beneath the skin, separate from skin 'brightness'.

    Other Expressions: Skin Tone, Tone, Warm Cool

    Warm: Yellow, peach, gold feeling / Cool: Pink, red, rose / Neutral: In between. If foundation or lip colors look off, it may be due to undertone mismatch. You can roughly determine it by checking wrist veins, gold/silver accessories, and color chips. Beginner mistake: Buying only popular colors or choosing based solely on neck color.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. In natural light by a window, apply a small amount of foundation and lip samples on your jawline.
    2. Consider gold/silver accessories, wrist vein color, and the undertone of your lips and cheeks.
    3. Choose the most natural warm, cool, or neutral tone, then match your base and color products to that tone.

    Try This

    • · If your neck and jawline have different tones from your face, adjust the depth (shade) as well.
    • · The most reliable method is to check samples and testers in natural light at the store.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not choose colors based only on popular shades or YouTube recommendations.
    • · Do not make final decisions based solely on indoor lighting.
  • Warm Tone

    A tone with yellow, peach, or gold undertones in the skin, lips, and cheeks. Coral, peach, and gold bases often suit well.

    Other Expressions: Warm Undertone, Yellow Base

    A type of undertone. When choosing foundation, lips, and blush, prioritize comparing warm shades. Beginner mistake: Only following popular cool-tone colors.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Test coral, peach, and gold beige foundation samples on your jawline.
    2. Match blush and lips to the same warm shades.
    3. Check the jaw and neck boundary in natural light.

    Try This

    • · If cool-tone pink bases appear gray or red on your face, try warm tones.
    • · You can refer to undertone measurement (/ko/undertone-measure) for guidance.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not choose only trendy cool-tone colors.
    • · Do not only look at the back of your hand without checking neck and jaw tones.
  • Cool Tone

    A tone with pink, red, or rose undertones in the skin and lips. Often matches well with rose, berry, or pink bases.

    Other Expressions: Cool Undertone, Pink Base

    A type of undertone. Matching foundation, lips, and blush to cool tones often reduces awkwardness. Beginner mistake: Only using popular warm tone colors.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Test rose, pink, or berry foundation on the jawline.
    2. Match blush and lips to the same cool tone.
    3. Check the boundary and neck tone in natural light.

    Try This

    • · If warm beige looks yellowish, try a cool base.
    • · Look at the rose undertones in your lips and cheeks together.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't choose only warm coral or orange lips.
    • · Don't make your final decision based solely on indoor lighting.
  • Skin Depth

    Refers to whether the skin is light or dark (brightness of tone). It is a different concept from undertone.

    Other Expressions: Skin Brightness, Tone Depth, 21 Shade 23 Shade

    Foundation should match both 'depth (21, 23, etc.)' and 'undertone (warm/cool)' for a natural look. Apply on the jawline and check in natural light. Beginner mistake: Matching only the undertone while using a shade (depth) that is too light or dark.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Apply foundation thinly on the jawline and cheeks and check the boundary in natural light.
    2. See if the neck, chest, and face tones connect.
    3. If brightness matches, compare undertone (warm/cool) samples next.

    Try This

    • · If unsure between two shades, the darker one is often more natural.
    • · Different formulations like cushion and liquid can have different colors even at the same shade, so test directly.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't ignore the undertone while matching brightness.
    • · Don't decide on the face shade based only on the color of your hand.
  • Foundation

    A base product that evens out the overall skin tone.

    Other Expressions: Fdn, Base, Cushion

    Purpose: Covers blemishes and redness while matching the tone. When: After skincare and moisturizing, wait 2-3 minutes, and apply thinly in layers. Available in liquid, cushion, stick, etc. Beginner mistake: Applying before moisturizing or applying too thickly at once.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After skincare (cleansing → toner → moisturizing), wait 2-3 minutes before starting.
    2. After primer (optional), layer foundation thinly several times.
    3. Apply concealer only to the necessary areas in small amounts.

    Try This

    • · Check if the color matches at the jawline in natural light.
    • · Get comfortable with one tool among hands, sponges, or brushes.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply while the moisture is still wet.
    • · Don't apply too thickly at once.
  • Concealer

    A product that covers only 'small areas' like dark circles and blemishes.

    Other Expressions: Conceal, Cover

    Purpose: Covers only the areas that foundation doesn't cover with a small amount. When: After foundation, only on the necessary spots. For dark circles, a color 0.5-1 tone lighter than foundation can help. Beginner mistake: Applying thickly all over the face.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After setting the base with foundation, apply a small amount only to the necessary areas like blemishes and dark circles.
    2. Gently tap with fingers or a small brush to blend the edges.

    Try This

    • · For dark circles, a slightly lighter tone than foundation often looks more natural.
    • · Apply a little at a time to control the amount.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply thickly all over the face.
    • · Don't layer color on top of a base that is already caking.
  • Primer

    A 'base preparation' product applied before foundation. It smooths pores, oil, and texture.

    Other Expressions: Preimer, Base Primer

    Purpose: Helps makeup stay on better and prevents it from wearing off. It can be skipped at first. Apply a small amount only to the T-zone and pores. Beginner mistake: Overlapping skincare + primer + foundation + powder excessively.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After skincare and moisturizing, wait 2-3 minutes, then apply a small amount only to areas needing T-zone, pores, and texture smoothing.
    2. Gently tap to absorb before applying foundation.

    Try This

    • · Helps smooth skin texture when makeup is caking or sliding.
    • · It can be omitted at first.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't overlap skincare + primer + foundation + powder excessively.
    • · Don't apply foundation immediately after moisturizing.
  • Powder

    A powder product that sets and finishes by controlling oil and stickiness on top of the base.

    Other Expressions: Finishing Powder, Loose Powder, Compact

    Purpose: Reduces shine and sliding while enhancing longevity. Often used for oily skin and in summer. For dry skin, apply lightly only to the T-zone. Beginner mistake: Applying thickly to dry cheeks, causing flakiness.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After foundation and concealer, lightly press only on the T-zone where oil is a concern.
    2. Skip or finish very lightly on the cheeks and around the mouth.

    Try This

    • · Useful for controlling shine in oily skin and summer.
    • · Recommended to use only on the T-zone for dry skin.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply thickly to dry cheeks.
    • · Don't add powder when the base is already caking.
  • Blush

    A color cosmetic that adds redness and vitality to the cheeks.

    Other Expressions: Blush, Cheek

    Purpose: Adds a 'healthy-looking' color on top of the base. Apply from the center of the cheek outward gradually. Warm tones often use coral or peach, while cool tones use rose or berry shades. Beginner mistake: Applying too heavily at once.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. On top of the base and powder (optional), apply gradually from the center of the cheek outward.
    2. Check in the mirror; if the color is too strong, blend lightly with a puff or brush.

    Try This

    • · Warm tones often use coral or peach, while cool tones use rose or berry shades.
    • · When using with lips and eyes, it's sufficient to highlight just one.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply too heavily at once.
    • · Don't layer on top of a base that is already caking.
  • Lip

    A term that encompasses color products like lipsticks, tints, and balms that change the color of the lips.

    Other Expressions: Lipstick, Tint, Lip Balm

    What it does: Adds vitality and matches the tone of the lips. Matching the base and blush with the undertone reduces awkwardness. Start with one natural color at first. Beginner mistake: Applying dark colors on chapped lips.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After base and blush (optional), apply from the inside of the lips gradually.
    2. If the edges are defined, lightly blend with your finger or a lip brush.

    Try This

    • · If you have chapped lips, moisturize first with lip balm.
    • · Start with one natural color.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply dark colors on chapped lips.
    • · Don't layer color over a dry base.
  • Eyeshadow

    Makeup products that add color to the eyelids and around the eyes.

    Other Expressions: Shadow, Eye Makeup

    What it does: Defines the eyes or changes the mood. Beginners should start with a single color (beige or brown). If the eyes are the focal point, reduce the amount of blush and lip color. Beginner mistake: Using multiple colors and glitter at once.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. On top of the base, apply a thin layer of a single color (beige or brown) on the eyelids.
    2. You can continue with blush and lip color, or just focus on the eyes.

    Try This

    • · At first, master just one color.
    • · If the lip and blush are bold, reduce the amount of eye makeup.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't use multiple colors and glitter at once.
    • · Don't layer color over a dry base.
  • Color Corrector

    A base product that corrects specific colors like redness, yellowness, and dark circles, then covers with foundation.

    Other Expressions: Color Correction, Color Primer, Green and Peach Correction

    What it does: Apply green (for redness) or peach (for dark circles and yellowness) very thinly to the affected areas, then follow with foundation. Beginner mistake: Applying thickly over the entire face.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After moisturizing and priming, apply very thinly to the necessary areas like redness and dark circles.
    2. Gently tap and then continue with foundation and concealer.
    3. If the edges are visible, reduce the amount and blend.

    Try This

    • · At first, master just one color (e.g., peach for dark circles).
    • · Use only on problem areas, not the entire T-zone or cheeks.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply color corrector thickly over the entire face.
    • · Don't apply before moisturizing.

Key Ingredients

Only key ingredient descriptions are provided. No analysis of specific product ingredients is done.

  • Hyaluronic Acid

    A key moisturizing ingredient that attracts moisture to provide hydration.

    Other Expressions: HA, Hyaluron

    Commonly found in toners, serums, and creams. If you only fill with moisture and don't seal with cream, it can draw moisture in dry environments, so apply a moisturizing cream on top. (Not a complete ingredient database for specific products)

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After cleansing and toning, if the serum or toner contains hyaluronic acid, pat it onto your face to absorb.
    2. Seal with cream or lotion within 3 minutes.
    3. On dry days, you can layer an extra layer of toner.

    Try This

    • · Don't skip cream after applying hyaluronic acid.
    • · If sensitive, start with low concentration and gentle formulations.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't layer hyaluronic acid multiple times without a moisturizing cream.
    • · If it stings, stop immediately and maintain a basic moisturizing routine.
  • Ceramide

    A lipid (fat) ingredient that helps strengthen the skin barrier.

    Other Expressions: Ceramide NP

    Common in moisturizers for dry, sensitive, or weak barriers. Using it with hyaluronic acid (moisture) can help with moisture and barrier care.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After cleansing and toning, apply ceramide cream or balm generously from the cheeks and around the mouth.
    2. When the barrier is weak, maintain a ceramide-focused routine for 1-2 weeks instead of active ingredients.
    3. Finish with sunscreen after moisturizing in the morning.

    Try This

    • · The order of applying hyaluronic acid (moisture) followed by ceramide cream (barrier) is natural.
    • · When sensitive or dry, you can apply a bit more at night.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't skip sunscreen after applying only ceramide.
    • · Avoid strong peeling during barrier recovery.
  • Niacinamide

    A vitamin B3 derivative commonly found in tone, oil, and pore care products.

    Other Expressions: Niacin, Nicotinamide

    Beginners should start with low concentration (2-5%) products, and stop if it stings. Don't use with other strong ingredients (retinol, AHA) at the same time.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. At the toner and serum stage, pat a small amount over the entire face.
    2. Start with evenings only, 2-3 times a week, and observe reactions.
    3. Maintain the cream and sunscreen steps as usual.

    Try This

    • · Observe low concentration products (2-5%) for more than 2 weeks.
    • · Don't use retinol or AHA/BHA on the same night from the start.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't just increase the concentration when it stings or apply multiple times daily.
    • · Don't start with actives when your basic routine is unstable.
  • Vitamin C

    An antioxidant ingredient used for tone and dullness care. Beginners should start with low concentration, in the morning, and with sunscreen.

    Other Expressions: Vitamin C, VC, Ascorbic Acid

    Common in serums and ampoules. Start with low concentration, 2-3 times a week, only in the morning, and stop if it stings. Sunscreen is essential. Beginner mistake: Using high concentration daily from the start or layering with retinol on the same night.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. In the morning, after toner, pat a small amount (1-2 drops) of vitamin C serum.
    2. Finish with cream and sunscreen after 1-2 minutes.
    3. Initially, observe reactions for 2-3 weeks.

    Try This

    • · Separate morning and evening routines to avoid overlapping with retinol or peeling.
    • · If it stings, reduce frequency or take a week off.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't start with high concentration vitamin C before your basic routine.
    • · Don't use vitamin C without sunscreen.
  • Retinol

    A vitamin A derivative used for improving skin condition. Beginners should start later, with low concentration.

    Other Expressions: Retinol Cream, Vitamin A

    Use a small amount in the evening, starting 2-3 times a week. Avoid daytime use and skipping sunscreen. Sensitive, pregnant, or nursing individuals are advised to consult a professional. Beginner mistake: Starting with retinol before establishing a basic routine.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. In the evening, after toner and moisturizing, apply a small amount the size of a pea.
    2. Start 2-3 times a week and observe reactions for 2 weeks.
    3. Apply sunscreen thoroughly the next morning.

    Try This

    • · Start after your basic routine (cleansing + moisturizing + sunscreen) has been stable for over 2 weeks.
    • · If you experience stinging or peeling, reduce frequency or take a week off.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't use retinol in the morning, on peeling days, or during breakouts.
    • · Don't use retinol without sunscreen.
  • AHA / BHA

    'Acid' ingredients used for exfoliation, pore, and sebum care. Beginners should use it at a low frequency.

    Other Expressions: Acid Exfoliant, Salicylic Acid, Glycolic Acid

    AHA: surface exfoliation / BHA: pore and sebum. Use 1-2 times a week, only in the evening. Stop immediately if it stings. Sunscreen is essential. Common beginner mistake: exfoliating daily during breakouts.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After evening cleansing, apply a small amount of AHA or BHA according to product instructions.
    2. Moisturize with cream after rinsing or absorption.
    3. Be sure to apply sunscreen the next morning.

    Try This

    • · Start with once a week, and if no issues, increase to twice a week.
    • · Avoid overlapping with retinol or scrubs at night.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not apply directly to troubled or inflamed areas.
    • · Do not use daily if there is significant stinging or redness.
  • Alcohol (Ingredient)

    Ingredients listed as 'Alcohol Denat', 'Ethanol', etc. can cause dryness and irritation.

    Other Expressions: Alcohol, Ethanol, Alcohol Denat

    Can be found in toners and sunscreens that control oil. It may be fine for oily skin but can sting for dry or sensitive skin, so be cautious if listed at the top. You can choose 'alcohol-free' labeled products.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. If alcohol is listed at the top of the ingredient list, a patch test is recommended.
    2. For dry or sensitive skin, prioritize comparing alcohol-free and low-irritation formulations.
    3. If it stings, stop using the product and switch to an alcohol-free routine.

    Try This

    • · Even if you have oily skin, reduce alcohol content if it stings daily.
    • · Check the ingredient list for toners, sunscreens, and cleansers.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not use alcohol toners daily just because they control oil.
    • · Do not ignore other irritating ingredients just because it's labeled 'alcohol-free'.

Label Expressions

  • Standard Color Chip

    Warm, cool, neutral, and gray reference colors displayed on the second phone screen during two-phone measurement.

    Other Expressions: Color Chip, Color Reference Chip, ColorChip

    Purpose: Reduces color distortion in photos due to lighting and serves as a reference when choosing my undertone. Usage: Max brightness → Place the second phone screen next to the cheek → Take a photo with the first phone → Select the closest tone.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Display the standard color chip full screen on the second phone and set brightness to maximum.
    2. Place the second phone screen next to the cheek and take a photo with the first phone.
    3. Select the closest tone from warm, cool, neutral, and gray chips and save it to your profile.

    Try This

    • · Shooting in natural light by a window reduces lighting distortion.
    • · Results are for reference, and it's good to confirm once more in-store or with samples.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't shoot only in dark indoor or yellow lighting.
    • · Don't shoot with makeup or beauty filters turned on.
  • SPF

    The UVB (burning and tanning) protection index. The higher the number, the greater the protection.

    Other Expressions: UV Index, SPF30, SPF50

    For daily use, SPF 30 or higher is commonly used. Simply increasing the number does not mean you can skip reapplication throughout the day. Reapply every 2-3 hours, and after sweating or swimming.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After morning moisturizing, apply a size equivalent to the back of your hand (about 1-2g) evenly to the face, neck, and ears.
    2. Reapply every 2-3 hours when going out or working near windows.
    3. Reapply after sweating, swimming, or towel drying.

    Try This

    • · Do not just focus on the number; do not neglect the amount and reapplication.
    • · It's good to develop a habit of checking PA along with SPF.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not skip moisturizing and cleansing just because you see SPF.
    • · Do not skip evening cleansing of sunscreen.
  • PA

    The UVA (deep damage and aging) protection grade. The more + signs, the higher the protection.

    Other Expressions: PA+++, PA Grade

    Look at it together with SPF. PA+++ or higher is often recommended. UVA can penetrate glass even indoors, so developing a sunscreen habit is important.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Check both SPF and PA on the sunscreen label.
    2. For daily use: consider PA+++ or higher, for long outdoor exposure: also consider PA++++.
    3. Choose based on the same criteria for morning and reapplication.

    Try This

    • · UVA can enter even indoors or in cars, so it's good to develop a daily application habit.
    • · Reapplication is even more important after waterproof activities or outdoor exposure.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not ignore PA just because you see SPF.
    • · Do not skip reapplication just because PA is high.
  • Patch Test

    A method to check for reactions by applying a small amount to a small area before applying a new product to the entire face.

    Other Expressions: Patch Test, Sensitivity Test

    Method: Apply a small amount to the inside of the wrist or jawline → Check for redness or itching after 24-48 hours. Test only one product at a time. Common beginner mistake: applying 5 products bought on sale to the entire face without patch testing.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Apply a product the size of a coin to the inside of the wrist or jawline.
    2. Observe for redness, itching, stinging, or small breakouts for 24-48 hours.
    3. If there are no issues, start with a small amount on the face, adding it to your routine at intervals of 3-7 days.

    Try This

    • · Testing only one product at a time helps identify the cause.
    • · Even if you bought several new products, test them one by one in order.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not apply multiple new products to the entire face at once without patch testing.
    • · Do not continue using if it stings slightly, thinking 'it will be fine once I get used to it'.
  • Fragrance-Free

    Indicates that no fragrance has been added. Sensitive skin can refer to this.

    Other Expressions: No Fragrance Added, Fragrance-Free

    Even if it's fragrance-free, there may be other irritating ingredients like alcohol or preservatives. Always check the entire ingredient list. It does not mean the product is 'gentle'.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. If you have a history of sensitivity or irritation, prioritize fragrance-free products.
    2. Check the position of alcohol, AHA/BHA, and retinol in the ingredient list.
    3. After patch testing, incorporate it into your entire routine.

    Try This

    • · Try a combination of fragrance-free + low-irritation + gentle cleanser first.
    • · Just because it's fragrance-free does not mean it's 'gentle'.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not assume all ingredients are safe just because it's fragrance-free.
    • · Do not apply multiple fragrance-free products at once from the start.
  • Non-Comedogenic

    Manufacturer's indication that it is unlikely to clog pores and cause acne.

    Other Expressions: Non-Comedogenic, Does Not Clog Pores

    There are no legal uniform standards; it is based on manufacturer testing results. Oily and acne-prone skin can refer to this, but individual reactions may vary.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. For oily and acne-prone skin, consider products labeled non-comedogenic.
    2. After patch testing, observe reactions for 2 weeks.
    3. If breakouts continue, simplify your basic routine of cleansing, moisturizing, and sunscreen.

    Try This

    • · Oil-free and lightweight moisturizers can be helpful.
    • · Do not just rely on the label; keep track of the feel and changes in breakouts.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · If it stings despite being non-comedogenic, do not continue using it.
    • · Do not skip moisturizing or sunscreen due to oiliness.
  • Oil-Free

    Indicates that no or very little oil has been added. Oily and acne-prone skin can refer to this.

    Other Expressions: Oil-Free, No Oil

    Even if it's oil-free, moisture is still needed. Dry skin may feel tight if only very lightweight formulations are chosen. This label is often seen on sunscreens and lotions.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. For oily and acne-prone skin, consider oil-free lotions and sunscreens.
    2. The order of light moisturizing and sunscreen after cleansing remains the same.
    3. If dryness or tightness occurs, switch to creams or balms.

    Try This

    • · Oil-free + non-comedogenic can be a good combination.
    • · For dry skin, do not just choose oil-free; check the moisturizing feel directly.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Do not skip moisturizing just because it's oil-free.
    • · Do not insist on only lightweight formulations if they cause tightness.
  • Waterproof

    This indicates that sunscreen is resistant to sweat and water. Cleansing becomes more important.

    Other Expressions: Water-resistant sunscreen, Waterproof sunscreen

    Useful for swimming and outdoor sports. Regular sunscreen is often easier to cleanse in daily use. Make sure to cleanse thoroughly in the evening.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. Apply a sufficient amount before swimming, exercising, or spending long hours outdoors.
    2. Reapply as soon as possible after contact with sweat or water.
    3. In the evening, melt it off with an oil/balm cleanser and follow with a foam cleanser for double cleansing.

    Try This

    • · If you only commute daily, regular sunscreen is generally easier to cleanse.
    • · Make double cleansing a habit on days you use waterproof products.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't use waterproof products daily and neglect cleansing.
    • · Don't skip moisturizing just because you applied water-resistant sunscreen.
  • Mineral Sunscreen

    Sunscreen that blocks sunlight with zinc and titanium (physical type).

    Other Expressions: Physical sunscreen, Mineral sunscreen

    May leave a white cast but is generally suitable for sensitive skin. Many products work immediately upon application. Cleanse thoroughly.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After moisturizing, take a small amount and spread it evenly over the face.
    2. If a white cast appears, reduce the amount or apply in two layers.
    3. Cleanse thoroughly in the evening with a cleanser.

    Try This

    • · If you have a history of sensitivity or irritation, you can start with mineral sunscreen.
    • · Choose between base-specific and standalone sunscreens.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply too little due to the white cast.
    • · Don't skip evening cleansing just because it's a mineral sunscreen.
  • Chemical Sunscreen

    Sunscreen that absorbs and transforms UV rays with chemical ingredients. Generally has less white cast.

    Other Expressions: Chemical UV protection, Chemical sunscreen

    Feels lightweight. Some ingredients may sting, so if you have sensitivity, try switching to mineral sunscreen. Some products indicate 'effective after 20-30 minutes.'

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After moisturizing, apply a sufficient amount, and if it indicates 'effective after 20-30 minutes,' wait for that time.
    2. Reapply before going out and every 2-3 hours.
    3. If it stings, stop using it and compare with mineral or fragrance-free products.

    Try This

    • · If you experience pilling or a strong white cast, you might try chemical or mixed formulations.
    • · If you feel stinging around the eyes, try changing the formulation or brand.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't continue using it if it stings.
    • · Don't skip reapplication or cleansing.
  • Matte

    Has low shine and finishes with a dry feel. Often sought after for oily skin and summer.

    Other Expressions: Matte finish, Dry

    Used with foundation, primer, and powder. Dry skin may experience flakiness if only using matte products, so ensure hydration.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After moisturizing and applying base, use a small amount of matte primer or powder only on the T-zone.
    2. Keep the cheeks and lips hydrated and maintain a dewy base.
    3. Only apply powder on particularly oily days.

    Try This

    • · If matte + lack of hydration leads to flakiness, check your hydration levels first.
    • · This finish is especially suitable for summer and oily skin.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply a thick layer of matte powder all over your face.
    • · Avoid layering matte products without hydration.
  • Dewy

    Gives a moist and radiant finish. Often sought after for dry skin and winter.

    Other Expressions: Dewy finish, Glow, Moist

    Attached to base and cream labels. Oily skin may use matte only on the T-zone and dewy on the cheeks.

    Usage Method

    Order

    1. After sufficient hydration, layer a dewy base or cream thinly.
    2. For oily skin, use powder only on the T-zone to control shine while keeping the cheeks dewy.
    3. If flakiness occurs, apply base after hydration and exfoliation.

    Try This

    • · Try it when experiencing dryness, winter, or significant lifting.
    • · You can achieve a glow with just a dewy base without highlighter.

    It's Better to Avoid

    • · Don't apply a thick layer of dewy base on oily T-zones.
    • · Avoid layering dewy products without sufficient hydration.
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